Underlagshantering i projekteringsprocessen : En studie om datasamordning från underlag till BIM-modell

Sammanfattning: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine how material, vital for the designprocess (supporting documents) is handled throughout the entire process. From obtaining the material from the document-administer until the material is transformed and applicable in a BIM-software in the design-process. Method: The first method is a case study that contains semi-structured interviews with one large as well as one small design-firm in Sweden, but also the biggest client regarding infrastructure in Sweden. Secondly, the other part of this thesis work is to perform an experiment containing two parts where the first one is to examine supporting material of an ongoing infrastructure-project and evaluate the quality, as well as constructing conversion rules to evaluate how supporting documents can be implemented. Findings: All the respondents in the conducted survey reported that supporting material regarding electric-, telecommunication- and fibre-optic cables were supporting material with the lowest degree of accuracy. Furthermore, the most used file-format is DWG, but file-formats like PDF, JPG, XML and LAS are also file-formats that is used according to the respondents. All the respondents suggest that a standardised way of using supporting documents would be an efficient way of standardising the process. The findings from the experiment concluded that the most used file-format used as supporting material is DWG (79%), followed by PDF (21 %). The quality varied between different providers. Supporting material provided straight from the contractor in DWG had great or excellent quality. Material as PDF/JPG needed to be processed in order to be used in a BIM-software. The implementing of conversion rules resulted in way of implementing these. In order to use this, the supporting document needs to be digital, in this case as DWG-files. Well established ways of using colours, layers and names in the CAD-software is vital. Implications: In order to make the way of handling the supporting material more efficient, a standardised way of handling these need to be used, as well as standardised file-formats. By making the supporting material digital, this will make the material more accessible, thus is the quality of e.g. PDF and JPG “not sufficient” because a BIMuser must convert these files manually, which provide one source of error. Therefore, these files lack interoperability. Regarding the material provided by the contractor, the design-firm need to have direct communication with the provider of the supporting material to take advantage of DWG-files and use the same file-formats, layers etc., to reduce the time it takes to convert the supporting documents manually. Limitations: A limitation is that only one large and one small design-firm is analysed. One part of a complete BIM-software is used, so the external validity is low, because the result may only be used in another small design-firm with the same project configurations and programmes. The experiment, where Conversion Rules were examined did only embrace wells (water-systems).