Impact of Implementing CCS Technology on a Biomass Power Plant

Sammanfattning: This study examines the implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, specifically the monoethanolamine (MEA) chemical absorption method, in a biomass power plant. The aim is to assess the energy requirements and optimize the solvent processes to improve the overall efficiency of the carbon capture process. The use of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (Bio-CCS) is proposed as a solution to mitigate global warming by reducing CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere. The shift in Sweden’s heat and power generation infrastructure towards biomass and waste makes Bio-CCS a crucial element in achieving a sustainable and carbon-negative energy system. The study employs mass and energy balance calculations to model the implementation of CCS technology on the flue gas stream of the biomass power plant. This allows for the analysis of heating, cooling, and electricity requirements during the pre-cooling, carbon capture, and compression stages. The findings highlight the significant influence of lean solvent loading on process performance, particularly in terms of thermal energy requirements. Optimizing the solvent processes requires careful consideration of lean solvent loading as a key factor. The conclusions drawn from this study have implications beyond biomass power plants, as they can be applied to CO2 removal in various plant types. The research contributes to the understanding of energy requirements in MEA carbon capture technology and suggests potential avenues for enhancing efficiency and cost-effectiveness in the carbon capture process.