Framställandet av en utsläppshandel baserad på näringsämnen inom det svenska jordbruket

Sammanfattning: This study examines the potential of a nutrient-based emissions trading system and focuses on its possible implementation in the Baltic Sea region to address the problem with eutrophication in the inland sea. Emissions trading has proven to be an effective method for reducing greenhouse gas emissions within the EU through the EU ETS. The study evaluates whether similar outcomes can be achieved through a nutrient-based emissions trading approach. To determine this, differences between a greenhouse gas-based emissions trading system and one based on nutrient leakage are assessed, including geographical aspects and measurement methods. The study also highlights potential challenges, such as the system potentially making it more difficult for businesses to compete at an international level. The study concluded that if a nutrient-based emissions trading system were to be implemented in Sweden, Blekinge would be a suitable region to implement a pilot system. This system could utilize allocation methods such as grandfathering, where emission rights are allocated based on the historical emissions of the agricultural activities. A suitable measurement method is to base the system on emission reductions to avoid the challenges of measuring diffuse sources. To kick-start the market of the system, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency “Naturvårdsverket” can purchase a certain number of emission rights from the participating agricultural industries, causing the demand for emission rights to increase. If the system yields desirable results, it can gradually be implemented nationwide.