Effektiviteten av nyutvecklade former av isotretinoin

Sammanfattning: Acne is a skin condition which is caused when the sebaceous glands become inflamed. This disease can affect different people at different ages, but it appears most commonly in adolescence. Acne can have different degrees of severity, which should be taken into consideration while choosing the right treatment. Acne nodulocystic is characterized by deeper infiltrates and pus-filled cysts. This type of acne is severe and should be treated only with isotretinoin.  In the early 1980s, isotretinoin was developed to treat moderate to severe acne with a tendency to scarring. Currently, it has been reported that in Sweden about 6000-8000 patients are treated with isotretinoin annually. However, it is important to point out that isotretinoin is associated with high risks. Therefore, isotretinoin is only prescribed by a physician with a specialist qualification in dermatology or by personal exemption by the Medicines Agency. Regarding the dosage, 0.5 mg/kg/day is usually a suitable starting dose in normal cases. This dose can be further increased after tolerance to 1.0 mg/kg/day. However, a lower dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day may be a good option to reduce the risk of side effects such as: mucocutaneous dryness, muscle pain and others. The purpose of this literature survey was to examine which one of the new isotretinoin formulations would give better effect in acne treatment given that both are expected to be independent of food intake at the time of administration. The method used was a literature search in the Pubmed database to find and select relevant scientific articles. The results of the studies in this literature project suggest that both lidose and micronized isotretinoin exhibited similar bioequivalent results in comparison to isotretinoin in the fed state but an improved result in fasting. Moreover, it was noted that the micronized form showed a similarity in pharmacokinetics compared to Lidose in the fed state but better in fasting. However, there is insufficient evidence to determine that the micronized form was superior to Lidose-isotreitnoin.