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Sammanfattning: A growing number of studies report relations between memory and smell. The present study aimed to identify differential effects of same and different smells on word learning and recognition memory, in addition to investigate the difference between pleasant and unpleasant smells. An old / new recognition task was used as a memory test, whereby participants (N = 32) studied 20 words in the first phase of the test and then in the second phase were presented with the same 20 words for identification intermixed with 20 new-words. Over 4 counterbalanced conditions, either the same (i.e., vanilla, vanilla) or different (i.e., vanilla, pepper) smells were sniffed in the first and second phases of the recognition task. The experiment failed to reveal any statistically significant differences between the different conditions. Neither the hypothesis that when the same smells are sniffed memory performance would be improved, or the hypothesis that pleasant smells would benefit memory performance, were statistically supported on the basis of conventional levels of statistically significant. In conclusion, it is argued that the hypotheses may be true, but the present experiment lacked sufficient sensitivity to reject the null hypotheses of no such effects.