Djinn & magi : Andeväsen och magiska ritualer inom islamisk tradition

Sammanfattning: Purpose: This study focuses on describing and explaining Djinn, Iblis and magic from an Islamic point of view. There are many stories that can be told but the author focuses on the parts of the stories that is known to the majority of Muslims. One of the many interesting aspects studied in the essay is how people in Babylon, in contrast to today's Muslims, view Islam's interpretation of magic and Djinn.  In order to present these perspectives and their change over time, a number of Muslims are interviewed of various religious backgrounds, liberal, conservative and orthodox. In addition, various studies are used that describe the social structure in Babylon where witchcraft according to Islam was first taught. The information from these works is intertwined with Carl Gustav Jung's and Marie-Louise von Franz's book Man and his Symbols (1964). These studies, together with the interview results, provide the opportunity to compile logical conclusions.  Method: The first two questions are about explaining what Djinn is based on the general Islamic interpretation and who Iblis are. In order to be able to present this information in the results section, the author starts from the qualitative method, intertextuality, which is about texts always being based on previous writings.  The second sub-result focuses on describing what Sihr (Magic) is from an Islamic perspective. It also describes how these rituals are performed. For this, a multimodal method is used to analyze the book Shams al-maarif al-Kubra.  The third sub-result focuses on an analysis of various interviews conducted to create an understanding of how Muslims view Djinn and Sihr. The answers to these are then related to the perception of this in ancient Babylon. A conversation analysis is performed to analyze the interviews.  Theory: In this study, the result is intertwined with the theory (Socialization). Social construction includes human reality. A society is created through interaction between individuals. This is called externalization. The natural character that is then added to a society takes place through objectification. Individuals who apply to the specific society may then accept and integrate with the independent character of society, which at this stage, has been normalized and assumed to be natural.  Result: The result of this study is threefold. According to Islam, Djinn are invisible spirits that God created from poisonous, smokeless fire. Iblis, also known as Lucifer or Satan, is part of the Djinn kin. According to the story, he refused to bow down to Adam, challenged God and thus plays an important role in man's cosmic destiny. According to Islam, magic is rituals performed to make contact with evil Djinn who in turn performs various services for the magician. The services are not provided free of charge. Magicians must perform certain rituals which, according to Islamic tradition, are extremely serious sins. The book Shams al-Maarif al-Kubra teaches readers how to perform certain rituals and draw magical symbols. The third result focuses on compiling data from the interviews conducted that are presented under appendices. Religion was of paramount importance to the Babylonians and formed a large part of their daily lives. In comparison with today's Muslims, it can be stated that they find it more difficult to live by the idea that there are constantly invisible beings and forces around them.