Intelligenta Bostäder

Sammanfattning: Abstract: Title: Intelligent housing. Author: Tobias Nilsson, Student at Lund University. Director: Petter Wallentén, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Building Physics, Lund University. Examiner: Mats Dahlblom, Lecturer at the Department of installation and climate con-trol, Lund University. Problem identification: • What techniques and systems are making homes intelligent? • What opportunities and problems entails this technique? • What technologies are in demand? • What price are people willing to pay? • Is any technology economically profitable? • Why isn’t the technology in more use in homes today? • Should any technology be used to a greater extent in homes today? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out if there is any technique that should be used more in our homes today, due to the demand, or found to have clear advantages over disadvantages. Efforts are focused on the technology that can reduce energy use and improve comfort and security for the home and the resident. Method: The report is based on both a literature review and empirical studies. For lite-rature has everything from newspaper articles, scientific studies, web pages and more, been used for gathering information. Empirical studies have consi-sted of a qualitative approach in the form of interviews with people from dif-ferent companies, as well as a quantitative method in the form of a web sur-vey that has been analyzed statistically. Conclusion: From the study it can be concluded that there is technology that is good, pro-fitable, and therefore should be used in apartment buildings more than what’s done today. The most profitable technique involves having connected sensors and meters of various types of property that collect operating data, which is then analyzed in operating data centers in-house or in the cloud. Based on the analysis, instructions are sent to the building's control system to perform a certain action. In this way, the property itself could, for example, regulate the heating and ventilation systems as needed, which can reduce energy con-sumption while increasing comfort level. Intelligent system also makes it possible for the property itself to discover, for example, leakage of various kinds, or defective and inefficient components such as fans and pumps and alert about this. Thereby avoiding serious damage and to facilitate main-tenance planning of the property. The payback period for this type of system is today usually 1 ½ - 2 years, which should be a good incentive to start using the technology. Intelligent technology in homes does not only creates opportunities to get a more comfortable, safer and more efficient living. It also creates new op-portunities to help the elderly and disabled, when these can be monitored by health professionals and family members at a distance and thereby may help be able to arrive at an early stage if something serious would happen. The main problems with intelligent technology in homes are assessed in the report to be safety and ethics problems. There are problems with online real estate that a hacker might be able to unlock the front door through a compu-ter. There is also a risk that personal information collected by the property system can get into the wrong hands and cause potential harm. The property collection of personal information in itself is a problem because not everyone feel comfortable with it, and especially not if someone else has access to this information, even if it’s just the family. From what’s been presented in the report, a system like wired KNX is sui-table for building management systems, while wireless - such as Threadbased products - suits well when it comes to making individual apartments intelli-gent. It seems that it’s better that the living person install the technology him-self in his own home, rather than it’s done by a contractor in advance. This is due to the personal preferences differ on wich technology that’s necessary and the best, making it difficult for a contractor to make choices that suites everyone. It can also be difficult to obtain profitability with technology when the average person according to the survey only are willing to pay SEK 4000 on average per intelligent function, which also suggests that it’s better that each individual person install its own technology for preference, expense and taste. This is considered to be the cause that intelligent technology in apart-ments is not offered, or installed as much in new construction today. The te-chnologies most in demand is about audio and video entertainment system, security system, and individual metering of energy and water.