Klimatneutrala städers verklighet och utmaningar : En analys av klimatarbetet inom bygg- och anläggningssektorn för 23 svenska kommuner anslutna till Viable Cities och dess verksamma aktörer

Sammanfattning: Purpose: The purpose of the work was to map how the 23 cities that have signed the climate contract with the Viable Cities innovation program are working with the climate transition, but also to gain insight into the companies' climate work in the construction sector. Method: The method for developing the basis for the work has been in the form of a literature study where previous work on the subject has been reviewed but also various data collections where information has been obtained from organizations and authorities, interviews with companies active in the industry and review of cities' climate roadmaps for the construction sector in the 23 connected cities within Viable Cities. Results: The report shows variations in cities progressiveness and their approaches with common measures like adopting fossil-free machinery, promoting wooden construction, and using solar panels. Some cities also use green building rating systems for municipal buildings. Less common measures include individual heating measurements, future oriented building planning, and prioritizing low climate impact procurement. In Södermanland county carbon dioxide emissions from new constructions have significantly increased over the past decade reaching a record high of 410 000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) in 2022 compared to 72 000 tons in 2012. The interviews shows that companies aim for green building rating systems and use strategies like optimizing concrete usage and promoting reuse to reduce climate impact. Changing tenants' attitudes toward reused products is crucial, and a more accessible material bank is needed. Reusing technical installations poses challenges due to warranties while recycled materials for interior walls, floors, framework, and facades are more easily used. Contractors and clients implement various energy efficiency measures but face obstacles like higher costs, limited availability of Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs), and uncertainty regarding climate friendly materials. Companies seek improved legislation, incentives, and clearer requirements for climate smart solutions. Collaboration drives innovation and market solutions. Conclusions: The study shows disparities in cities' efforts to address climate change. Malmö is leading with innovative strategies, exemplified by the LFM30 climate program. Cities need to intensify their efforts, taking independent actions and implementing stricter requirements. Interviews emphasize the need for additional legislation to engage stakeholders and achieve a more climate-neutral construction sector. Guaranteeing reuse remains a challenge that requires further examination. Companies also seek clear guidelines in the climate declaration to facilitate sustainable production.