Effects of native freshwater mussels and leaf debris on benthic macroinvertebrate abundance and diversity : A field experiment with Margaritifera margaritifera in Vasslabäcken, Örebro county

Sammanfattning: Organisms that are part of complex ecosystems interact not only with other organisms but also with their environment, affecting ecosystem functions. In aquatic ecosystems filter feeders affect ecosystem functioning by transferring energy and nutrients from the water to the benthos. The filter-feeding unionoid mussels can have strong effects on nutrient release and biodeposition in streams, affecting primary and secondary production. In a 90-day field cage experiment during winter 2019-2020, effects of the critically endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) and leaf litter on benthic macroinvertebrate communities were tested using a factorial study design. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected from the cages and examined in the lab. No significant effects of mussels, leaf litter or their interaction on the abundance and diversity of invertebrates were found for most groups. The abundance of Simulidae was however lower in cages with mussels compared to cages without mussels. The presence of mussels in streams may therefore affect ecosystem function, here shown as a possible effect on the interspecific competition for food sources between filter feeders.