Water Distribution Networks: Leakage Management using Nonlinear Optimization of Pressure

Sammanfattning: The eective management of water distribution systems is gaining tremendousfocus within the scientic community thanks to the Internet of Things.This report is an exploration attempt into the mathematical optimization ofa water distribution network under the inuence of leakages caused by deteriorationwithin the distribution network. The optimization process is carriedout in a two phase manner involving the optimal placement of pressure valves,followed by the optimal control of the valves in the presence of known leakswithin the network. The optimization framework addresses the minimisationof the average network pressure in an extended time setting by imposingthe hydraulic equations as nonlinear constraints. The hydraulic components,namely the pressure reduction valves, are modelled as integer variables leadingto a non-convex and non-linear optimization problem that falls under theclass of optimization problems known as mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP). The exercise implements two reformulation methods that solves theMINLP problem as a sequence of regular nonlinear programs (NLPs), and alsopresents the hydraulic simulation results of the implementation. While thereis sucient research on water network optimization using various mathematicalmethods, this study endeavours to combine a leakage model within theoptimization framework and presents the ndings of the analysis. In addition,the report also includes the outcomes of the simulation on a real distributionnetwork simulated under varying demand conditions.