Optimalt antal stagade spann som krävs för att stomstabilisera en stålkonstruktion : Jämförelse av olika modeller för att hitta den optimala lösningen

Sammanfattning: Purpose: The horizontal stabilization of a building is of great importance in the design of its structural system. Insufficient counteraction of horizontal loads can lead to problems where columns and beams deflect more than the allowable margins. One common horizontal load arises from wind hitting an exterior wall. In this study, four bracing types were analyzed using software to evaluate and compare them, taking various factors into account. The building upon which the study is based is an industrial four-story structure located in Västerås. The building is designed with hinged column bases, which require a stabilization system to maintain its stability. This study aimed to determine the optimal solution for the stabilization system by comparing multiple proposals (X, V, inverted V, and diagonal) considering all factors that significantly influence stabilization. The different proposals were compared in terms of material usage, horizontal displacement, and the number of spans required for steel bracing. Method: Hand calculations were used in this report to design various structural components such as columns, beams, and bracing, which were compared with FEM (Finite Element Method) designs. Additionally, different perspectives were considered within the relevant subject framework, including steel properties, general loads, characteristics, and descriptions of the examined models. Results: After conducting the calculations, it was found that the optimal number of spans required for bracing the industrial steel structure was 32 diagonal braces, placed in the outermost bays on all sides of the building at each floor. This proposal resulted in reduced material usage with a secure horizontal displacement, ensuring stability and durability of the building. Conclusions: In conclusion, this report provides a deep understanding of the importance of stability in buildings, especially when it comes to the safety of occupants and the structural integrity of the building. Proposal 1 has likely met the requirements based on all the calculations and analyzed models that have been conducted, and therefore, diagonal bracing has been chosen as the optimized solution.