Svenska cykelöverfarter : Olyckor och hastigheter

Sammanfattning: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of bicycle crossings and follow up on previousstudies with new data on speeds, ability to travel unhindered and accident statistics. With theintroduction of the new definition of bicycle crossing from 2014, motor vehicle drivers had to yieldfor cyclists who are traveling on, or are approaching, the bicycle crossing. The area at theintersection should also be speed-proofed to 30 km/h. The introduction meant that new behaviorswere required by both cyclists and motor vehicle drivers at these types of intersections.The report is consists of three parts; a short literature study with an international outlook, adocument analysis of accidents and bicycle crossings in Sweden as well as on site measurementsexecuted at bicycle crossings in Gävle. The literature study briefly presents some of the mostcommon speed-limiting measures to present an overview of the types of measures that can be usedto speed-proof bicycle crossings. It also presents other countries' accident statistics as well as howthey handle the problems of bicycle prioritization at crossings. The document analysis is based onthe STRADA and RDT database in order to, through a GIS software, link accidents to bicycle crossingsand thus be able to analyze how the accidents have developed over time. This analysis is made bothwith a national average and a more thorough study of the municipality of Malmö. In the on sitemeasurements executed in Gävle, the speeds of the motor vehicles on approach to bicycle crossingswere examined and the yielding behavior was studied ocularly. The measurements were carried outin two separate locations with different conditions, one with relatively high traffic flow and a plateaubump as a speed-proofing measure and one with lower flow and bus pad as a speed-proofingmeasure.It turns out that the number of accidents related to bicycle crossings has decreased in Sweden, whilethe degree of injury for these accidents has also decreased. Malmö stands out in the statistics due tothe fact that the number of accidents related to bicycle crossings has increased at the same time asthe degree of injury for the accidents has decreased. The data also shows that accidents at bicyclecrossings adjacent to roundabouts are over-represented. It is therefore proposed that bicyclecrossings adjacent to roundabouts should be avoided. The on site measurements in Gävle showedthat the speeds had decreased sharply at the site with the bus pad and that the yielding behaviorchanged after the introduction of the bicycle crossing. At the second location, with the plateaubump, the speeds have already converged and are approaching their limit values while the yieldingbehavior has improved slightly. Finally, it is concluded that bus pads have better velocity suppressioneffects than the plateau pad and that the consequential effects of a well-designed speed-proofingmeasurement can reduce the degree of injury and increased yielding.