Ojämn fördelning av nyanlända : En studie om mottagandet på kommunal nivå i Sverige

Sammanfattning: During the refugee crises in Sweden 2015, it became clear that there are several disadvantages with the Swedish reception system. It is well known that refugees and other immigrants are not distributed equally among the country's municipalities. An even distribution is important for a successful reception and integration according to the Swedish Authorities and Regions. The purpose of this paper is to analyze what factors could be the reason for an uneven distribution of refugees in Sweden. To analyze the question, secondary data is used from 2006 to 2015 in order to make pooled regressions and Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) models. Different data is collected that may be related to the dependent variable of new arrivals per capita based on previous studies and theories. In addition, we are aware that there are more aspects that can affect the municipal reception but cannot be measured in this study. The study found that the following investigated variables are associated with the number of arrivals received in a municipality. It was shown that the percentage of former foreign-born in the municipality had a positive correlation with the proportion of new arrivals and it also suggested that these new arrivals settle in areas with others from similar backgrounds. An unexpected result was the percentage of seniors in a community that affects the dependent variable positively. Additionally, the average income in a municipality shows a negative correlation, whereby this result could be explained from people with similar incomes living in similar areas. The study also analyzed the education level of people which shows a negative relationship that can be justified in a similar way. It was also found that unemployment affects new arrivals positively but the results are not clear.  It was found that housing deficits have a negative relationship with the dependent variable, whilst housing surplus has a positive correlation which was expected. Countryside municipalities show a positive result that is statistically significant and the metropolitan municipality has a negative impact, however this result is not statistically significant. As for political power, this does not show any connection with the dependent variable on new arrivals. It can be explained by using the median voter theorem which explains how the parties attract the greatest number of voters.   Keywords: Refugee policy, Refugee, Municipality, Regression analysis.