Effekter av att vårda tracheostomerade patienter i ett multidisciplinärt samarbete inom intensivvården- En systematisk litteraturstudie

Sammanfattning: Abstract Background: Caring for tracheostomized patients in the intensive care unit is a common practice, and there are many advantages to having an endotracheal tube. It is for example easier to wean from a ventilator, facilitates oral hygiene and intake, and leads to earlier use of speaking valves while still needing respiratory assistance. Specialist nurses are invaluable in terms of patient safety, outcomes, healthcare-associated infections and cost-effectiveness in intensive care. Nurses trained in intensive care contribute to improving the quality of work through an interprofessional approach by their ability to be the patient's extended arm, while recognizing the medical need, taking responsibility for nursing interventions and responding to family members. Collaboration and communication are the foundation of a team and essential to provide and deliver safe care. Aim: This paper aims to identify the effects of a multidisciplinary collaboration on adult tracheostomized intensive care patients, where the nurse is involved. Method: This is a narrative synthesis of a systematic review with a quantitative approach. 11 scientific articles were used. Results: The review resulted in the identification of three main themes: cost-effectiveness and reduced length of stay, the decannulation process, and complications. All the studies used for this literature review included one or several nurses with varying degrees of influence in their multidisciplinary team. Conclusion: With the help of a multidisciplinary approach where intensive care nurses contribute, the care of tracheostomized patients can be improved. Multidisciplinary teamwork leads to reduced tracheostomy related complications, faster implementation of a speech valve, earlier initiation of ventilator training and shorter duration of care leading to cost savings. Keywords: Multidisciplinary care team, nursing, intensive care unit, tracheostomy