Finns det anpassningar beroende på födokällor hos olika ekotyper av Asellus aquaticus?

Sammanfattning:

The freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus has been shown to exist in two different ecotypes, stonewort ecotypes and reed ecotypes. The differentiation is likely due to adaptation towards different predator regimes and possibly also other selective forces. It is unknown if the ecotypes have different adaptations when it comes to food preferences and roles in the ecosystems. In the present study, isopods of each ecotype were collected from two lakes where the differentiation of pigmentation was especially pronounced to examine whether this had a connection with other physiological adaptations. Growth rate, competitiveness, exposing behaviour and grazing efficiency were tested in two experiments with periphyton or coarse detritus as food sources. None of the results indicated a specialization towards their regular food. Instead, the stonewort ecotype had significantly faster growth rate for both food sources. Presence of snails caused a slight, but statistically insignificant increase in growth rate when periphyton was the food source. Individuals of the reed ecotype were more exposed on the substrate than the stonewort ecotype, but the difference was not statistically significant. Grazing efficiency of both detritus and periphyton was similar and not significantly different between ecotypes. The results thus show no indication to phenotypical differences between ecotypes in the ability to graze or process different types of food. However, currently known adaptations, e.g. in behaviour and pigmentation may be important for the ecological role of the species.