Gravida kvinnor med substanssyndrom: hälsa, graviditets- och förlossningsutfall samt tidigt utfall hos barnen

Sammanfattning: Introduction: In order to achieve better health and to cope with illness and suffering, the goal of nursing should be to support the individual to find meaning in the experience, and to establish interpersonal relationships. For pregnant women with substance use syndrome, which often has multiple risk factors such as impaired physical health, higher proportion of mental disorders, and increased psychosocial needs, this often means need of support from different professional categories. The prevalence of drug use during pregnancy in Sweden is not known, nor have any methods for treatment during pregnancy been evaluated, however, women is generally supposed to decrease their consumption during pregnancy. The knowledge of drugs and alcohol and their effects on pregnancy requires continuous attention, in order to facilitate identification of women in need of additional support. Purpose: The aim of the study was to describe and compare pregnant women with substance use syndrome and pregnant women with alcohol use syndrome regarding backgrounds, health, pregnancy- and delivery outcome and the early outcome of their children. Method: The study was conducted as a retrospective, quantitative registry study with a comparative design including pregnant women with substance use syndrome (n=78) and pregnant women with alcohol use syndrome (n=49). The women were enrolled in a specialized antenatal care center and had been identified with the screening instruments AUDIT and DUDIT. Result: The study showed that significantly more pregnant women with substance use syndrome relapsed in substance use, more often was smoking during the pregnancy and that their children were more frequently treated in neonatal clinics, compared to pregnant women with only alcohol use syndrome. The result also showed that women with only alcohol use syndrome showed a higher frequency of pregnancy complications. No significant differences were seen among women with different substance disorder concerning their background variables or delivery outcome. Conclusions: The results suggest that it could be useful for pregnant women with individual care plan and specific care programs, based on dependence diagnosis, so if possible assure a drug-free pregnancy.