Metoder för att utvinna metaller ur förorenat muddrat sediment från Oskarshamns hamnbassäng - En litteraturstudie

Sammanfattning: This literature study aims at identifying potential methods of extracting heavy metals from dredged sediments stemming from a harbor in Oskarshamn municipality, Sweden. Metals can be detrimental to the environment, as well as to human health, but they can also constitute a valuable commodity. Heavy metal extraction studies exist, however they have not explored the environmental impact on a large scale such as the sediments volume from the harbour in Oskarshamn. This implies an uncertainty in the effectiveness and the feasibility to treat larger volumes. The three main types of extractions methods that this study investigates is washing, electro-chemical treatments and thermal treatments of the sediment. The methods have shown a variety in effectiveness in relation to the characteristics of the sediments, type of metal and concentrations, but also the prevailing conditions during the extraction method. Other differences between the methods include cost, what resources they use such as chemicals, water, electricity, and the quantity of these. The above-mentioned factors have a direct impact on the methods’ environmental performance. At the moment there does not appear to be a method that effectively deals with all the metals found in the harbor sediments in Oskarshamn, hence more than one treatment could be necessary. This field is gaining more attention from scientist which in the near future could lead to answers concerning the uncertain factors brought up in this study, as well as recommendation for when and how the methods could be used.