Effekt av fruktos på utveckling av karies och diabetes mellitus typ 2 : The effect of fructose in the development of dental caries and diabetes mellitus type 2

Sammanfattning: Introduction/Background: Fructose is a monosaccharide that can also be extracted from sugar beet and sugar cane. There are several foods with high fructose content and affect people’s healthy lifestyle. Dental caries is defined as a dental disease caused by bacteria and the presence of fermentable sugars. Diabetes mellitus type 2 previously known as adult-onset diabetes and referred to as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.  It is the most common type of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90-95% of all diabetes cases. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate fructose's influence and its effect on dental caries and in diabetes mellitus type 2 by answering questions: Does fructose have influence and effect on dental caries? Does fructose have an influence and effect on the plasma glucose in diabetes type 2? Method: The study was a literature review of articles from PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus. The selection process followed three steps and underwent quality reviews. There were 18 articles that were included in the study. Results: The result shows that fructose has some impacts and effects on caries and on plasma glucose. Fructose contributes to the growth of Streptococcus mutans. High intake of fructose increases the risk for diabetes mellitus type 2 and the development of dental caries.  Conclusion: When fructose is consumed in large quantities, the caries-causing microorganisms produce acid to such an extent that demineralization of tooth substance can occur. High intake of fructose can also raise the level of plasma glucose and induce fatty liver in diabetes mellitus type 2.